SMPS - Switch Mode Power Supply Circuits Module

Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) circuits are crucial in modern electronics due to their efficiency and compact design. These circuits use a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently. Here's a brief overview of the key components and concepts involved in SMPS circuits:

1. Switching Transistor (or MOSFET): Acts as a switch to rapidly turn the current on and off, controlling the energy flow to the output.

2. Inductor: Stores energy when the transistor is on and releases it when it is off. Its primary function is to smooth out the current.

3. Capacitor: Filters out the ripple in the output voltage and stabilizes it. It smooths the voltage to reduce noise.

4. Diode: Provides a path for the current when the transistor is off. It also prevents the current from flowing back into the circuit.

5. Transformer (in some designs): Provides isolation between the input and output, as well as voltage step-up or step-down.

6. Control IC (Integrated Circuit): Regulates the operation of the switching transistor. It monitors the output voltage and adjusts the switching duty cycle accordingly to maintain a stable output.